the present αἰρόμενον in Mk 2:3, while its punctiliar equivalent brought represents (RVmg) the aorist ἐνεχθεῖσαν in 2 Pet 1:18, and the similar taken away stands for ἠρμένον in Jn 20:1; and yet all these are called “past participle” in English grammars. Having cleared the way for a lexical treatment of the verbals in -τός, by leaving usage in each case to decide whether an intransitive, an active, or a passive meaning is to be assigned to each word, we may give two or three examples which will